Published: Mar 25, 2025

AI-powered foreign object debris (FOD) detection

Foreign object debris (FOD) on runways can pose safety risks to airside operations. To enhance runway safety, NCS and Changi Airport Group (CAG) co-developed the iFerret™ 2.0, an AI-powered FOD detection system. The system utilises high-definition electro-optical sensors, real-time analytics and machine learning to detect and verify FOD efficiently. It also provides automated alerts which enable the swift removal of FOD, ensuring minimal disruption to runway operations. Designed for 24/7 operations in various weather conditions, iFerret™ contributes to safer and more efficient airside management.
 

• NCS partnered with CAG to develop an FOD with high-definition foreign object detector with high-definition electro-optical sensors and intelligent image algorithms that can locate, measure and classify FOD in real time.
• It can work around the clock in diverse weather conditions and deliver instant alerts while cutting false alarms tenfold.
• Its use in Changi Airport has set new benchmarks for international aviation safety standards.
   

FOD on airport runways is a persistent safety threat that can occur at any time. Industry reports estimate that FOD-related damages result in approximately USD 13 billion^[1] in losses annually and account for 12^[2] of total aircraft incidents, some with fatal consequences. Traditional scheduled manual inspections are becoming increasingly ineffective due to the growing number of aircraft movements, visibility limitations and the potential for human error. A more efficient and automated solution is required to ensure continuous runway safety without disrupting operations.
 

To address this critical challenge, NCS partnered with CAG to co-develop iFerret™ 2.0, an advanced AI-powered FOD detection system. iFerret™ integrates high-definition electro-optical sensors, low-light imaging technology and intelligent image processing algorithms to provide automated, real-time detection and verification of foreign objects. One of the most significant breakthroughs achieved was the reduction of false alarms by more than tenfold, significantly minimising operator workload while maintaining accuracy in varying runway conditions.
 

• Precision detection and classification: Automated identification, location tracking, measurement and classification of FOD with minimal false alarms.
• Robust sensor technology: High-performance electro-optic sensors with powerful optical zoom and a durable pan-tilt mechanism for comprehensive runway coverage.
• 24/7 all-weather operation: Reliable performance in low-light, rain and haze conditions, ensuring uninterrupted monitoring.
• Automated alerts and analytics: Real-time notifications and detailed analytics empower airport personnel to respond swiftly, reducing operational risks and disruptions.
• Seamless Integration to ADS-B: Smart tracing to determine the source of FOD from aircraft.
   

Beyond enhancing safety at Changi Airport, iFerret™ 2.0 sets a new industry benchmark for automated FOD detection. It has been independently validated for compliance with international aviation safety standards, including FAA AC 150/5220-24 and AC 150/5210-24, ICAO Annex 14 and EUROCAE ED-235A. By leveraging cutting-edge AI and sensor technology, iFerret™ not only strengthens airside safety but also optimises operational efficiency, ensuring a seamless and secure experience for airlines and passengers alike.

^[1] Source: EU Aviation Safety Agency
^[2] Source: ICAO

For the iFerret™2.0 brochure, click here.

Summary

iFerret™ 2.0 demonstrates how advanced AI and sensor fusion can transform a laborious, manual inspection task into a seamless, data-driven safeguard. By drastically reducing false positives, the system not only protects lives and assets but also streamlines airport workflows to deliver safer and smoother passenger journeys.